Machine for forming blanks for corrugated-paper boxes



' March 1 1927. 1,619,207

J. F. JONES MACHINE FOR FORMING BLANKS FOR CORRUGATED PAPER BOXES FiledJan. 24, 1925 5 Sheets- Sheet 1 March 1 1927.

J. F. JONES MACHINE .FOR FORMING BLANKS FOR CORRUGATED PAPER BOXES M FedJan. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Hill llllllllli HIP-1U Ill Illllllllflflllllflllllll H 00 2 d ninimin Tit e March- 1 L 1927.

J. F JONES MACHINE FOR FORMING BLANKS FOR CORRUGAI'ED PAPER BOXES FiledJan. 24, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 0x9 0 o o o v Q o 7 c 0 E J E o O Q o I oo 0 O O O O O V 0 Z fig 3 2 3 It ml 3 Z Z Z n o Y O o 0 i Z c 3- l |lyl'c o o g' o I (q l q n TlE14.

J. F. JONES MACHINE FORFORMING BLANXS FGRCORRUGATED PAPER BOXES March 11927. 1,6i9,2o7

Filed Jan. 24, 1925 Y 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 g A 0 s O m 3 0m flllllllllll ,3.

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' v 1,619,207 March 1 1927- I F JONES MACHINE FOR FORMING BLANKS FORCORRUGATED PAPER BOXES 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan. 24, 1925 no a1 10TlElE l7 39 all 5 Patented Mar. 1, 1927.

" nail-Trio STATES 1P ATENT OFFICE;

JAMES 'FPJO'NES, OF SEW'ICKIJEY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THECONSOLIDATED PAQPER COMPANY, 01 MONROE, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION 0FMICHIGAN.

MACHINE FOR FORMING BLANKS FOR CORRUGATED-PAPER BOXES.

Application :filed January- 24, 1925. Serial No. 4,367.

My invention has-forits object to provide-corrugated paper boxes from acorru gated paper sheet that is so formed as to prevent breaking of thepaper along the scored lines.

A very large proportioniof packingboxes, commonly used in commerce forsh ppmg purposes, as iswell known, are formed of corrugated paper, that.is, paper formed of inner and outersmooth or plain sheets of paper andan innercorrugated sheet, which are suitably glued or otherwise securedtogether. 'Each box is usually formed of a single composite :sheethaving .cross scorings that terminate in :slits and-its ends joined by asuitable flexible material such as cloth. The composite sheets-are alsolongitudinally scored along the inner endsofthe slits. The parts of "thesheets defined by the .scorings form the sides,-while the partsidefinedby the longitudinal scorings and the (slits form the :fla'psthat :are folded down to form the endsofathe box."

In the production of such boxes machines heretofore used have been crudein that they permit angular creepingof the sheets whichgrinds or marsthe scorings; in that the scoring disc supporting shafts flex whichproduces varying depressions according to the dryness and composition ofthe paper andpreventsproperadjustment of the shafts and of the scoringdiscs relative to each other andin that the edges-of the sheets aretrimmedby pinching as distinct from shear-- lllg. ,7

The boxes commonly used in commerce are scored soqas to forma singledepression extending linearly anda slightly raised portion ontheopposite side of the sheets along each score 311116. The depressingoperation on the sheets is practically absorbed by the innercdrrugatedsheehthe plain sheet, other than the one that is acted upon bythe depressing disc in the scoring'operation, being but slightlyiaifectedto produce a very slightly raised ridge. When thepartslof thecomposite sheets are bentito form the boxes they bend alongthe scorelines, thedepressedside of. the composite sheetbeing located within thebox. Scoring of the composite sheets makes -,definite bending lines toform definite corner edges of the boxes :formed therefrom but theindentedsidesheet of the composite sheet :in eachcase and the innercorrugated sheet form a rib extending lnto and located within thecomposite sheet over which the very slightly raised outer plain sheetmust be stretched when the parts (of the com? posite sheet are bent tobox form. The bending operation is, therefore, a ilevering operationthat. draws the outer sheet'with great force over the rib that extendsinto and is located Within the composite sheet. 7 This greatly taxestheelasticity-ofithe outers'heet of plain paper and. invariably breaks openthe sheet, particularly when the adjoining parts of the box are openedand closed angularly withrrespect to each other, This particularlyoccurs with respect to the flaps that form the ends ofthe box in thereuse ofthe box. Fracture also usually occurs along the corners when thecorners :Of the box are struck by an object whichwill start the tearingof the paper by reason of the stretched condition of the outer sheet.When the paper is-dry .or thelcomposition and the manufacture is variedfrom exact desired conditions, which unavoidably and continuouslyoccurs, the weakness at the cor ners of the boxes is greatly increased;

By any invent-ion v I have provided a machine that overcomes in apractical way these objections. The machine is so constructed that theshaftsthat supportthe scoring discs will not flex; that the shafts arereadily adjustable and yet may be thoroughly lubricated and that angularcreeping of the composite sheets is prevented while they are beingoperated upon. Also .thescoringdiscs used in the machine are so formedas to produce a pair of parallel linear depressions in the compositesheets that are so formed that when the parts of the composite sheetsare bent to form the box they will bend along a line parallel to thelines of depression. the depressions being located on the outside of thebox. Thus the depressions form areas of the exterior sheet .in slackthat are partially taken up when the adjoining parts are bent relative.to each other to a angle. Thus the exterior plain paper is notstretched in the slightest and remains smooth and intact and is noteasily marred or broken in the use of the box.

Moreover the end parts of the box will stay l lO pressed by the exteriorplain sheet when the stacked areas have been taken up and the adjoiningparts of the composite sheet are bent 180 so as to place the ruljoiuinaparts of the composite sheet in contact with each other. An attractiverounded edge is formed between two integral layers or parts withoutplacing the exterior sheet of plain paper under tension to a materialdep rce. Thus the end parts of the box may be folded into the boxleaving the edge of the box smooth and untorn. Also the boxes aresometimes stored and shipped collapsed, that is. with the ends of thecomposite sheets joined by cloth or other flexible sheet material andthe sides of theboX folded flat against each other along a single cornerline. When, therefore the composite sheet is bent to bring the insidefaces of the parts into contact, the exterior plain sheet remains smoothand intact along the fold.

The invention may be contained in paper box machines that vary in theirdetails of construction,. and in productions of such machines thatlikewise may vary in their details and to illustrate a practicalapplication of the invention I have selected a machine and its productand shall describe them hereinafter. The machine is shown in theaccompanying drawings.

Figure 1. illustrates a side view. of a part of the machine showing: theadjustable hearings for the scoring and shearing shafts. Fig. 2 is anend view of a part of themachine showing the driving gear and theshearing shafts. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken. on the line 3-3 andillustrates a side "iew of a paper supporting disc. 4 is a View ofa sideof the machine opposite to the side view shown in Fig. i. Fig. 5 is atop view of the machine. Fitz. 6 is a view of a sectiontaken on thevertical plane of the line 6-4; indicated in Fig. 1.. Fig. 7 is a viewof a section taken on the horizontal plane of the line 7-7 indicated inFig. 1. Fig. 8 is an. inside view of the bearing of one of the scoringor cutting: shafts. Fig. 9 is a view of a section through a verticalplane taken on the line 9-9 indicated in Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a view of asection of a vertical plane takenon the line 10- 10 indicated in Fig. 8.FigQll is a top view of one of the bearinrrs. y

The machine. ,whereby the composite sheets are cut and scored so thatthey may be readily formed, into boxes having corner edges that aresmooth and without being stretched. has a suitable frame or bed 1 forsupporting the actuating and operating parts thereof. The frame 1 isprovided with a plurality of bearings 2 in which the ends of the shafts3, 4. 5. 6.7 and 8 are supported. The bearings 53 are each formed of twoparts 9 and 10. k The parts 9 as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 are eachprovided with a cavity 11 that is partially closed by a cylindricalshell 12 that surrounds the shaft located in the hearing. The shell 12is provided with a slot 13 that extends semi-cylindrically through theupper half of the shell. ll surrounds the shaft located in the bearingand rides on the top of the shaft. The ring ll may he sligl'itly thinnerthan the thickness of the shell 12. The diameter of the ring let,liowcver, is considerably greater thanthe diameter of the shell 12 andso that the ringl-l; extends to a point near the bottom of the recess orcavity 11. Since the ring 114 rides on the shaft in the hearing, it isrotated when the shaft is rotated and will carry up on to the uppersurface of the shaft, lubricating oil that may be inserted in the cavity11 wherebythe shaft will be thoroughly lubricated. The ring 14 islocated in the center of that portion of the shaft located in thebearing and in order that the lubricating oil may be spread over theentire surface of the shaft, a groove 15 is located at the bottom of theshell. The groove 15 is located on the inside of the shell and extendssubstantially from one end of the shell to the other. The upper part 10of the bearing hasan opening 16 for receiving oil whereby the cavity 11may be filled and lubrication maybe continued over a long period of timewithout further supply of oil. The parts 9 and 10 are secured togetherby suitable bolts such as the bolts 17.

Thebearings of the shaft are so supported that theymay be readilyadjusted so as to properly locate the i'OOlSCODIIQUtBCl to the shaftsthat coope ate to perform the desired functions on the composite sheet.The lower bearings rest upon the parts of the frame 1 whilethe upperbearings are raised by the screws 20 or if desired they may be ra sed bythe screws 21. 'lhescrewsQO are connected to plates 22, the screws 20being provided with flanges that engage the edge portions of openingsforl'ned in the plate 22. The plates 22 are bolted to the upper bearings2. The upper bearings 2 may thus be raised and lowered by the operationsof the screws 20 and 21 and. may be also clamped in any desired positionby the said screws. The upper screws 20 are substantially locked by theclamp nut 52? The screws 20 extend through a bar 24. while the screws 21are located in bridges 25 thatmay be bolted to the frame loft themachine. The shafts 3 to 8 inclusive are provided with threaded ends 26located on the outside of the bearinns E2 and spanner nuts 27 arethreaded on to the ends of the shafts to secure them in the bearings asagainst endwise movements of the shafts, the shafts being suitablyshouldered as at 28. The bearings may be provided with suitable bearingrings 29 that receive the endwise thrusts of the shafts.

A ring The shafts are driven by any suitable means as indicated in Figs.2 and 5, such as the electric motor 32. The motor is connected to theshafts 3 4, 5, and 6 by means of the pinion 33'and the gear wheels 34and- 35. The lower shafts are driven by the gear wheels 34 while theuppershaft-s are driven by the gear wheels 35. The shafts 7 and 8 aredriven at a higher speed than the other shifted along the shafts to thedesired posi-V shafts of the machine and are connected to the gearwheels 34 and 35 by means of the chain gear wheels 36 and 37 and thechain gear wheel 38; The chain wheels 37 are smaller than the chain gearwheels 36 which drives the shafts 7 and 8 at a higher speed than theother shafts, the gear wheels 34 and 35 connected to the-other shaftshaving the same size. r

The shafts are provided with small grooves 39 located in parallelvertical planes and spaced equidistant apart along each of the shaftsand constitute means for readily indicating the relative positions ofthe operating or functioning tools that are connected to the shafts. Theoperating tools may be tions as indicated by the location of the grooves39. Thus the scoring discs may be readily placed in the proper alignmentwith each other. The scoring discs are provided with recesses 40 locatedin proximity to the central openings of the discs through which theshafts extend and key bolts 41 are located in the recesses 40 and extenddiagonally towards the axis of the shafts. lVhen the bolts are screwedinto the discs, the discs are thus keyed to the shafts and thus thediscs are secured in the desired positions on the shafts.

The discs are arranged in pairs and may he described as male and femalescoring discs. .The male discs are-located on the upper shafts 4 and '6while the other discs are located on the lower shafts 3 and 5. The upperdiscs 42 are provided with a pair of ridges 43 located in parallelvertical planes. The outer surfaces of the discs 42 have cylindricalsurfaces that extend from the outer cornersof the discs toward thecentral portion of the outer surface and these cylindrical surfaces arejoined by a surface formed by the rotation of a continuous sinuous lineproducing a wave form extending around the outer portion of each of thediscs. Thus there is formed a pair of smooth rounded ridges or beadsjoined by a trough 44 having a smooth rounded surface in continuity withthe rounded surfaces of the ridges. Each of the lower discs 45 locatedon the lower shafts 3 and 5 have a pair of channels 46 that are likewiselocated in parallel planes that extend at right angles to the shaft.These planes are spaced the same distance apart that the planes in whichthe ridges 43 of the discs 42 are located, and so that the ridges 43 maybe placed. directly over the channels 46. The outer surface of each disc45 has edge portions 47 that are conical and slope away from the outeredges of the channels 46, whilethe portion of the outer surface locatedbetween the inner edges of the channels 46 is the cylindrical surface48.The discs are separated from each other the desired distances in orderto produce the desired operations on the paper that is passed throughthe machines. 7 This is accomplished by the adjustment of the shaftsrelativeto each other. In the proper adjustn'ient of the scoring discsof the machine the scoring discs of the shafts 5 and 6 are locatedcloser together than the scoring discs of the shafts and 4 in order thatthe paper may be stretched to the desired form and then released andagain stretched to form in order that the configuration produced by thediscs may be permanently retained notwithstanding the elasticity of thepaper and without stretching the paper too severely and to allow theportions along the scoring lines to adjust themselves to the deformationproduced by the scoring discs.

As the sheet is carried through the machine. it is snipped or sheared bythe shearing discs or snippe-rs 62 located on the shafts 7 and 8. Theshearing discs 62 have shear ing edges that co-act to shear-thecomposite sheets as they are run through the machine. The shearing discshave practically vertical plane surfaces 63 located on one side andbeveled edges 64 that produce sharp sheariug edges for shearing thesheets to trim the edges thereof.

Between the shearing discs are located two or more supporting discs forsupporting the sheet of paper as it is being carried between the shafts7 and 8. The supporting discs 66 are split and the semi-cylindricalparts '68 are secured together by means of the bolts- 67 that extendthrough radially extending webs formed integral with thesemi-cylindrical parts 68.

If desired additional scoring discs such as the scoring discs 69 and 70may be located on the shafts 3, ,4, 5, and 6 so as to score sheets ofthe composite paper that are passed through the other side of themachine. Thus two sheets may be passed side by side through the machine.Preferably however, the scoring discs 69 and 7 0 are merely extrascoring discs that may be shifted into position to operate on the sheetsas the discs are worn. Thus a number of the scoring discs may be placedon the shafts at one time and used when others have been worn outwithout removing the shafts from the bearings. The additional scoringdiscs form an extra supply for use as may be needed. The same is alsotrue with reference to the shearing discs 71 and the supporting discs72.

A suitable feed table 73 may be supported at the feeding end of themachine for sup porting the composite sheets as they are fed into themachine. Also a suitable delivering table may be provided for receivingthe sheets or the sheets may be received on a conveyor for deliveringthem from the machine.

I have thus produced by .my invention a machine wherein the shafts aremade exceedingly large compared to the work to be done in order thatthere may be no flexing of the shafts and to prevent angular creeping ofthe sheets which causes the scoring discs to grind on the surfaces ofthe grooved or recessed portions, and a machine wherein the sheets aredrawn forward by the shearing operation which is done by shearing discsthat run at a speed higher than the scoring discs so as to shear asdistinct from pinching that irregularly affect the continumislinearmovement of the composite sheets. Thus the shearing discs draw onthe com-- posite paper instead of the composite paper being 'iushed inbetween the pinching trimming discs or snippers commonly used in the artin scoring machines.

I claim z- 1. A machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, aplurality of pairs of shafts, scoring discs located on the shafts, thepairs of following scoring discs being located closer togetherthan theleading discs, the shafts having a diameter substantially one half ofthat of the scoring discs, adjustable bearings for supporting theshafts, oiling rings for lubricating the shafts.

2. In a machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, a pair ofshafts, scoring discs located on the shafts, the shafts having adiameter substantially one half of that of the scoring discs, a secondpair of shafts, overlapping shearing discs located on the second namedpair of shafts, means for driving the second named pair of shafts at ahigher rate of speed than the first named pair of shafts, means foradjusting the shafts.

In a machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, a pluralityof pairs of shafts, scoring discs located on all but two of the shafts,the pairs of scoring discs of leading shafts being located farther apartthan the following scoring discs, overlapping shearing discs located onthe said two of the said shafts, means for driving the said two of saidshafts at a higher rate of speed than the first named pair of shafts.

In a machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, a pluralityof pairs of shafts, scoring discs located on all but two of the shafts,the pairs of scoring discs of leading shafts, being located fartherapart than the following scoring discs, overlapping shearingdiscslocated on the said two of the said shafts, means for driving thesaid. two of said shafts at a higher rate of speed than the first namedpair of shafts, said shafts having uniformly spaced grooves and meansfor keying the said discs to the shafts.

5. In a machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, aplurality of pairs of shafts, scoring discs located on all but two ofthe shafts, the pairs of scoring discs of leading shafts being locatedfarther apart than the following scoring discs, overlapping shearingdiscs located on the said two of the said shafts, means for driving thesaid two of said shafts at a higher rate of speed than the first namedpair of shafts, split supporting discs located between the shearingdiscs.

6. In a machine for forming blanks for corrugated paper boxes, a pair ofscoring discs, one of the discs having a pair of heads separated by atrough, the beads and the trough having a continuoussurface formed by asinuous line located in a plane extending through the axis of the discand rotated about the axis of the discs, and having cylindrical surfacesextending from the beads to the ends of the disc, the other of the discshaving channels conforming to the said heads, the disc having conicalsurfaces extending from the outer corners of the channels to the ends ofthe disc and a cylindrical surface between the inner corners of thechannels.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to thisspecification.

JAMES F. JONES.

